Git 2.5.0 RC1 发布，此版本相比 2.4 主要更新内容如下： UI, Workflows & Features * The bash completion script (in contrib/) learned a few options that "git revert" takes. * Whitespace breakages in deleted and context lines can also be painted in the output of "git diff" and friends with the new --ws-error-highlight option. * List of commands shown by "git help" are grouped along the workflow elements to help early learners. * "git p4" now detects the filetype (e.g. binary) correctly even when the files are opened exclusively. * git p4 attempts to better handle branches in Perforce. * "git p4" learned "--changes-block-size <n>" to read the changes in chunks from Perforce, instead of making one call to "p4 changes" that may trigger "too many rows scanned" error from Perforce. * More workaround for Perforce's row number limit in "git p4". * Unlike "$EDITOR" and "$GIT_EDITOR" that can hold the path to the command and initial options (e.g. "/path/to/emacs -nw"), 'git p4' did not let the shell interpolate the contents of the environment variable that name the editor "$P4EDITOR" (and "$EDITOR", too). This release makes it in line with the rest of Git, as well as with Perforce. * A new short-hand <branch>@{push} denotes the remote-tracking branch that tracks the branch at the remote the <branch> would be pushed to. * "git show-branch --topics HEAD" (with no other arguments) did not do anything interesting. Instead, contrast the given revision against all the local branches by default. * A replacement for contrib/workdir/git-new-workdir that does not rely on symbolic links and make sharing of objects and refs safer by making the borrowee and borrowers aware of each other. Consider this as still an experimental feature; the UI will likely to change. * Tweak the sample "store" backend of the credential helper to honor XDG configuration file locations when specified. * A heuristic we use to catch mistyped paths on the command line "git <cmd> <revs> <pathspec>" is to make sure that all the non-rev parameters in the later part of the command line are names of the files in the working tree, but that means "git grep $str -- \*.c" must always be disambiguated with "--", because nobody sane will create a file whose name literally is asterisk-dot-see. Loosen the heuristic to declare that with a wildcard string the user likely meant to give us a pathspec. * "git merge FETCH_HEAD" learned that the previous "git fetch" could be to create an Octopus merge, i.e. recording multiple branches that are not marked as "not-for-merge"; this allows us to lose an old style invocation "git merge <msg> HEAD $commits..." in the implementation of "git pull" script; the old style syntax can now be deprecated (but not removed yet). * Filter scripts were run with SIGPIPE disabled on the Git side, expecting that they may not read what Git feeds them to filter. We however treated a filter that does not read its input fully before exiting as an error. We no longer do and ignore EPIPE when writing to feed the filter scripts. This changes semantics, but arguably in a good way. If a filter can produce its output without fully consuming its input using whatever magic, we now let it do so, instead of diagnosing it as a programming error. * Instead of dying immediately upon failing to obtain a lock, the locking (of refs etc) retries after a short while with backoff. * Introduce http.<url>.SSLCipherList configuration variable to tweak the list of cipher suite to be used with libcURL when talking with https:// sites. * "git subtree" script (in contrib/) used "echo -n" to produce progress messages in a non-portable way. * "git subtree" script (in contrib/) does not have --squash option when pushing, but the documentation and help text pretended as if it did. * The Git subcommand completion (in contrib/) no longer lists credential helpers among candidates; they are not something the end user would invoke interactively. * The index file can be taught with "update-index --untracked-cache" to optionally remember already seen untracked files, in order to speed up "git status" in a working tree with tons of cruft. * "git mergetool" learned to drive WinMerge as a backend. * "git upload-pack" that serves "git fetch" can be told to serve commits that are not at the tip of any ref, as long as they are reachable from a ref, with uploadpack.allowReachableSHA1InWant configuration variable. * "git cat-file --batch(-check)" learned the "--follow-symlinks" option that follows an in-tree symbolic link when asked about an object via extended SHA-1 syntax, e.g. HEAD:RelNotes that points at Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.0.txt. With the new option, the command behaves as if HEADocumentation/RelNotes/2.5.0.txt was given as input instead. Consider this as still an experimental and incomplete feature: - We may want to do the same for in-index objects, e.g. asking for :RelNotes with this option should give ocumentation/RelNotes/2.5.0.txt, too - "git cat-file --follow-symlinks blob HEAD:RelNotes" may also be something we want to allow in the future. * "git send-email" learned the alias file format used by the sendmail program (in a simplified form; we obviously do not feed pipes). * "git am" learned am.threeWay configuration variable. * Traditionally, external low-level 3-way merge drivers are expected to produce their results based solely on the contents of the three variants given in temporary files named by %O, %A and %B on their command line. Additionally allow them to look at the final path (given by %P). * "git blame" learned blame.showEmail configuration variable. * "git apply" cannot diagnose a patch corruption when the breakage is to mark the length of the hunk shorter than it really is on the hunk header line "@@ -l,k +m,n @@"; one special case it could is when the hunk becomes no-op (e.g. k == n == 2 for two-line context patch output), and it learned to do so in this special case. * Add the "--allow-unknown-type" option to "cat-file" to allow inspecting loose objects of an experimental or a broken type. * Many long-running operations show progress eye-candy, even when they are later backgrounded. Hide the eye-candy when the process is sent to the background instead. (merge a4fb76c lm/squelch-bg-progress later to maint). Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc. * "unsigned char [20]" used throughout the code to represent object names are being converted into a semi-opaque "struct object_id". This effort is expected to interfere with other topics in flight, but hopefully will give us one extra level of abstraction in the end, when completed. * for_each_ref() callback functions were taught to name the objects not with "unsigned char sha1[20]" but with "struct object_id". * Catch a programmer mistake to feed a pointer not an array to ARRAY_SIZE() macro, by using a couple of GCC extensions. * Some error messages in "git config" were emitted without calling the usual error() facility. * When "add--interactive" splits a hunk into two overlapping hunks and then let the user choose only one, it sometimes feeds an incorrect patch text to "git apply". Add tests to demonstrate this. I have a slight suspicion that this may be $gmane/87202 coming back and biting us (I seem to have said "let's run with this and see what happens" back then). * More line-ending tests. * An earlier rewrite to use strbuf_getwholeline() instead of fgets(3) to read packed-refs file revealed that the former is unacceptably inefficient. It has been optimized by using getdelim(3) when available. * The refs API uses ref_lock struct which had its own "int fd", even though the same file descriptor was in the lock struct it contains. Clean-up the code to lose this redundant field. * There was a dead code that used to handle "git pull --tags" and show special-cased error message, which was made irrelevant when the semantics of the option changed back in Git 1.9 days. (merge 19d122b pt/pull-tags-error-diag later to maint). * Help us to find broken test script that splits the body part of the test by mistaken use of wrong kind of quotes. (merge d93d5d5 jc/test-prereq-validate later to maint). * Developer support to automatically detect broken &&-chain in the test scripts is now turned on by default. (merge 92b269f jk/test-chain-lint later to maint). * Error reporting mechanism used in "refs" API has been made more consistent. * "git pull" has more test coverage now. * "git pull" has become more aware of the options meant for underlying "git fetch" and then learned to use parse-options parser. 更多改进内容请看发行说明，下载：https://github.com/git/git/archive/v2.5.0-rc1.zip。 Git是一个开源的分布式版本控制系统，用以有效、高速的处理从很小到非常大的项目版本管理。 开源中国 Git 代码托管平台：http://git.oschina.net/ Git 2.5.0 RC1 发布下载地址
