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Params: post, 170518, a:31:{i:0;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:4:"size";s:6:"option";s:1:"5";s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:8:"[SIZE=5]";i:1;s:7:"[/SIZE]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:1:"b";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:3:"[B]";i:1;s:4:"[/B]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:57:"专业的啤酒品酒师是如何品鉴一款啤酒的？";}}}}i:1;s:2:"
";i:2;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:3:"img";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:5:"[IMG]";i:1;s:6:"[/IMG]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:61:"http://pic2.zhimg.com/12ac968a91e05314c0efc4f6a4be54fd_is.jpg";}}i:3;s:1280:" 王梦雨，微信公众号：猎酒党 原创为主的酒类知识科普账号
此文针对的是精酿啤酒。
先说国外通行的啤酒鉴定法吧。
一般来说，精酿文化发展比较好的地区，会首先按照不同分的分类进行品鉴。比如今儿要评的是 IPA（印度淡色啤酒啊）或者 Stout（世涛啤酒）啊，分类完之后；拿到一款啤酒后，从 off-flavor 开始，大意是啤酒不该有的味道、香气，比如有日光臭（阳光照到透明啤酒瓶所产生的类似于臭鼬一样的臭味）、异戊酸（啤酒花坏掉产生的奶酪般的臭味）、金属臭（酿造过程中机器生锈、或破碎产生的金属臭味）的等等，有的话就要标出来。
然后根据啤酒分类再进一步排除，比如评比 Pale Ale（淡色艾尔啤酒）你拿个 Stout（世涛啤酒）来，那肯定也是要排除。
排除掉之后，剩下的就是大体上没问题的啤酒，对这些进一步进行品鉴。
通常来说，最主流的分类是五个项目（在 ratebber 等啤酒网站上也是这五个分类）
AROMA（香气） APPEARANCE（外观） TASTE（味道） PALATE（口感） OVERALL（整体）
每一个单项满分的数值，不同的比赛、标准有细微的差距。
";i:4;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:1:"b";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:3:"[B]";i:1;s:4:"[/B]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:36:"1.香气（一般满分是 10 分）";}}i:5;s:35:"
其中香气主要评测项包括";i:6;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:1:"b";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:3:"[B]";i:1;s:4:"[/B]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:6:"麦香";}}i:7;s:3:"、";i:8;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:1:"b";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:3:"[B]";i:1;s:4:"[/B]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:12:"啤酒花香";}}i:9;s:3:"和";i:10;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:1:"b";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:3:"[B]";i:1;s:4:"[/B]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:12:"其他香气";}}i:11;s:338:"，但是，并非麦香、啤酒花香越浓就得分越高，而是应该根据啤酒的特征来评比，比如，IPA（印度淡色艾尔啤酒），啤酒花香气越浓郁则应该得分越高，但是一瓶 Brown Ale（棕色艾尔啤酒）则应该啤酒花越淡得分越高。具体每一类的特征，可参考我这个答案 ";i:12;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:3:"url";s:6:"option";s:54:"http://www.zhihu.com/question/30191317/answer/47553983";s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:62:"[URL='http://www.zhihu.com/question/30191317/answer/47553983']";i:1;s:6:"[/URL]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:51:"世界上的啤酒有几种？ - 王梦雨的回答";}}i:13;s:172:"
其他香气则比较多，比较常见的有水果香气、烘焙麦芽的香气、坚果的香气甚至于药草、花卉等小众味道。这些都算是加分项。
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外观主要评测项包括";i:16;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:1:"b";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:3:"[B]";i:1;s:4:"[/B]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:6:"颜色";}}i:17;s:3:"、";i:18;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:1:"b";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:3:"[B]";i:1;s:4:"[/B]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:6:"泡沫";}}i:19;s:3:"和";i:20;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:1:"b";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:3:"[B]";i:1;s:4:"[/B]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:6:"挂壁";}}i:21;s:499:"，同上一样，并非是颜色越重得分应该越高，而是应该根据啤酒的分类来，比如 Stout（世涛啤酒）、Porter（波特啤酒）就是越黑越好；皮尔森则应该是越金黄越好；泡沫一般应该持久、不宜太厚或太薄，挂壁则是国人比较陌生的词，他英文原单词是 Lacing 大意是啤酒泡沫褪去后，留在杯子上的泡沫痕迹，像蕾丝边一样，越好看约好（其实我也不懂为什么这个要作为测评项）。
";i:22;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:1:"b";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:3:"[B]";i:1;s:4:"[/B]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:36:"3.味道（一般满分是 20 分）";}}i:23;s:364:"
味道测评评测想比较多，主要就是麦芽味、啤酒花味、其他味道、平衡、后味等。这就要求品鉴人要很熟悉各类啤酒的味道。比如什么啤酒应该是麦芽味重、什么啤酒应该是啤酒花重、什么啤酒应该有果香；几种味道平衡的是否好，会不会过酸或过苦；后味是否绵长等等。
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这个比较简单，主要就是";i:26;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:1:"b";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:3:"[B]";i:1;s:4:"[/B]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:27:"酒体强度、杀口感。";}}i:27;s:2:"
";i:28;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:1:"b";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:3:"[B]";i:1;s:4:"[/B]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:36:"5.整体（一般满分是 10 分）";}}i:29;s:117:"
品鉴完之后，对其整体印象再进行一个打分。
累计的总分，就是一款啤酒的得分了。
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