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Params: post, 365331, a:43:{i:0;s:336:"前几天，银保监会刘福寿在财经年会上表示，P2P 网贷机构已经完全归零。前几年 P2P 的概念被突然炒火，各种各样的 P2P 机构遍地开花，甚至一路融到 A轮、B轮、C轮……随后紧接而来的暴雷潮，更是让 P2P 的知名度更高了一些，乃至现在一切“ 归零 ”。
";i:1;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:3:"img";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:5:"[IMG]";i:1;s:6:"[/IMG]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:90:"https://rdimg.com/proxy/https://static.cnbetacdn.com/article/2020/1204/eb3c947f656d5ef.png";}}i:2;s:56:"
有人可能会觉得这玩意早该消失了，毕竟";i:3;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:1:"b";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:3:"[B]";i:1;s:4:"[/B]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:52:"P2P 现在跟暴雷、庞氏骗局简直能划等号";}}i:4;s:50:"。
现在还有 8000 多亿自己没回收 ▼
";i:5;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:3:"img";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:5:"[IMG]";i:1;s:6:"[/IMG]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:90:"https://rdimg.com/proxy/https://static.cnbetacdn.com/article/2020/1204/1091fd24910d1be.png";}}i:6;s:14:"
但其实，";i:7;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:1:"b";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:3:"[B]";i:1;s:4:"[/B]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:70:"P2P 诞生时，是个真能为大家解决资金问题的好工具。";}}i:8;s:532:"
这个世界上永远有人正需要借钱，有人正想把钱 借 投资出去吃利息。
理论上来说，他们去找银行就完事了。
可对于个人来说，从银行口袋里掏出钱来并不容易，贷款要求多、审核严。找民间借贷？利息又太高……
于是有人就想到去做 “ 红娘 ”，给这两批人牵个线~
让他两以高于银行借贷，低于民间借贷的利率完成借款交易，而 “ 红娘 ” 从中抽成收取服务费用，实现三赢，这也就有了 P2P ~
";i:9;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:3:"img";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:5:"[IMG]";i:1;s:6:"[/IMG]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:90:"https://rdimg.com/proxy/https://static.cnbetacdn.com/article/2020/1204/873621bb62d5770.png";}}i:10;s:139:"
线上 P2P 最开始诞生于 2005 年的英国，2007 年前后传入中国。
最开始，搞 P2P 的就是纯照搬国外的模式，";i:11;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:1:"b";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:3:"[B]";i:1;s:4:"[/B]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:90:"只做小额信贷的中介平台，不参与借款，也不对投资人的投资兜底。";}}i:12;s:541:"
很容易想象，这玩意没太大搞手……
虽然有钱赚，但是风险太大了，将来借款人不还了，本金都回不来。
到了 2009 年前后，有个聪明人想出了解决办法：平台垫付本金。这块当时做的比较出名的机构叫红岭创投。
他们拉上了担保公司一起玩。
由担保公司对借款人的信息进行审核，审核后授予一定的信用额度，借款人基于额度借款。
如果想要更高额度，那就提交更详细的信息，甚至是资产抵押 ↓ ↓
";i:13;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:3:"img";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:5:"[IMG]";i:1;s:6:"[/IMG]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:90:"https://rdimg.com/proxy/https://static.cnbetacdn.com/article/2020/1204/046cbbe5a5d76c8.png";}}i:14;s:2:"
";i:15;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:1:"b";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:3:"[B]";i:1;s:4:"[/B]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:73:"一旦借款人逾期，由担保机构/担保人先掏钱垫付本息。";}}i:16;s:233:"
当然也不是白还的，担保者会拿走投资人的债权，后面借款人再还钱，本金、利息、罚息等就归担保者所有。
稳赚不赔的玩法瞬间打动了大家的心~ 为平台拉来了不少用户。
";i:17;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:3:"img";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:5:"[IMG]";i:1;s:6:"[/IMG]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:90:"https://rdimg.com/proxy/https://static.cnbetacdn.com/article/2020/1204/34c4cf4a19e25b7.png";}}i:18;s:410:"
可能是一招还不够，P2P 平台还想出了一个骚操作：风险备付金。
说自己先提计了一部分利润、募集资金作为备付金，如果项目逾期就提前支付给投资人，给投资人双保险~
是不是听起来很靠谱？
但背后 P2P 机构到底有没有存这笔钱，有没有银行进行监管，普通投资者谁知道呢？
到这里，事情已经变味了，";i:19;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:1:"b";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:3:"[B]";i:1;s:4:"[/B]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:117:"原本平台做个信息中介就完事，现在有了赔偿的机制，平台要承担借款人跑路的损失了！";}}i:20;s:233:"
随着时间的推移，2012 年前后骚操作的负面作用开始反噬，有了一些有趣的新闻~
推出贷款回购计划的拍拍贷，有了赔偿的压力后开始催收，往网上曝过逾期的用户信息 ↓ ↓
";i:21;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:3:"img";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:5:"[IMG]";i:1;s:6:"[/IMG]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:90:"https://rdimg.com/proxy/https://static.cnbetacdn.com/article/2020/1204/771e7795b425f8a.png";}}i:22;s:51:"
还有跟银行买信用信息翻车的 ↓ ↓
";i:23;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:3:"img";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:5:"[IMG]";i:1;s:6:"[/IMG]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:90:"https://rdimg.com/proxy/https://static.cnbetacdn.com/article/2020/1204/3406038d2140233.png";}}i:24;s:315:"
但这些负面新闻并没有对 P2P 行业造成根本性的影响，高收益、低风险的 “ 事实 ” 蒙蔽了用户的双眼。
P2P 平台们继续狂欢，不断发挥自己的创意，搞出了自融盘、长贷短借等骚操作。
图片很长，可以直接跳去看红框里的内容……▼
";i:25;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:3:"img";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:5:"[IMG]";i:1;s:6:"[/IMG]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:90:"https://rdimg.com/proxy/https://static.cnbetacdn.com/article/2020/1204/7af4a301766409c.png";}}i:26;s:398:"
所谓自融盘，就是平台发标为自己融资。
通过提供虚假的借款公司、借款人，做虚假的借款项目。投资人的钱最后都进了平台手里，然后再做其他操作，比如以新还旧等。
就这样 P2P 在扭曲的道路上一路狂奔，到了 2015 年，网贷平台突破 3500 家，P2P 行业进入高潮。
图片、数据来源：网贷之家 ▼
";i:27;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:3:"img";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:5:"[IMG]";i:1;s:6:"[/IMG]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:90:"https://rdimg.com/proxy/https://static.cnbetacdn.com/article/2020/1204/ac2a9b63dd48193.png";}}i:28;s:204:"
同时，也逐渐从纯中介平台变成了一个披着互联网外衣的问题平台。
至于是什么问题嘛……
让我们看看中国国际经济交流中心副理事长黄奇帆的说法~
";i:29;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:3:"img";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:5:"[IMG]";i:1;s:6:"[/IMG]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:90:"https://rdimg.com/proxy/https://static.cnbetacdn.com/article/2020/1204/730920d45615b23.png";}}i:30;s:2:"
";i:31;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:3:"img";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:5:"[IMG]";i:1;s:6:"[/IMG]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:90:"https://rdimg.com/proxy/https://static.cnbetacdn.com/article/2020/1204/f4967406a9f4269.png";}}i:32;s:232:"
这段话大概是这么几个重点。
首先，P2P 平台不像银行，它们统统都没有资本金，钱都是从个人用户募集而来，没有兜底能力。
民营银行的注册资本通常要求围实缴资本 ▼
";i:33;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:3:"img";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:5:"[IMG]";i:1;s:6:"[/IMG]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:90:"https://rdimg.com/proxy/https://static.cnbetacdn.com/article/2020/1204/6997605584c81aa.png";}}i:34;s:200:"
其次，也没有银行那样的风控和尽调能力，贷款对象是没有信用背景的网民，借出钱的风险是不可控的。
最后，P2P 不像银行那样正规，有完善监管，";i:35;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:1:"b";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:3:"[B]";i:1;s:4:"[/B]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:51:"出事了要么趴到坏账，要么卷款跑路。";}}i:36;s:42:"
2015年就有频繁爆雷的报道 ▼
";i:37;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:3:"img";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:5:"[IMG]";i:1;s:6:"[/IMG]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:90:"https://rdimg.com/proxy/https://static.cnbetacdn.com/article/2020/1204/638276a4dec3f01.png";}}i:38;s:490:"
在面对资金链断裂的烂摊子时，大部分机构选择把自己变成庞氏骗局，以新还旧。
一来是根本没有能力收拾资金缺口，二来很多人发现，这样来钱可比正经赚钱快多了！
2015 年开始 P2P 陆续公司爆雷，2017 年、2018 年迎来了两轮暴雷潮。
到了今年被要求归零，差评君觉得完全在情理之中。
诺，现在银行等正规机构对个人、小微企业的小额贷款也慢慢做起来了 ↓ ↓
";i:39;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:3:"img";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:5:"[IMG]";i:1;s:6:"[/IMG]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:90:"https://rdimg.com/proxy/https://static.cnbetacdn.com/article/2020/1204/622d0052fb74522.png";}}i:40;s:454:"
传统金融行业的风险控制系统是非常成熟的，能够有效的规避坏账等风险。正规军下场可比这些不成熟的企业要好使多了。
你可能会想，为啥银行不早出手呢？
因为原本做这件事情就很麻烦，有点吃力不讨好的意思，而且当时监管也不到位。
而现在……政府注意到了这一块，要扶持业务上正规吗，帮助小微企业有一个健康的融资环境。
";i:41;a:4:{s:3:"tag";s:3:"img";s:6:"option";N;s:8:"original";a:2:{i:0;s:5:"[IMG]";i:1;s:6:"[/IMG]";}s:8:"children";a:1:{i:0;s:90:"https://rdimg.com/proxy/https://static.cnbetacdn.com/article/2020/1204/d435afe7b3ed51f.png";}}i:42;s:496:"
P2P 也到了退出历史舞台的时候……
回望整个历程，P2P 从一个原本让三方共赢的金融工具，发展到一地鸡毛，让无数投资人血本无归，令人唏嘘。
但工具终究只是工具，并没有好坏之分。
真正让它陷入现在这个境地的，是人性中贪婪的那一面，是出借人对利息的贪恋，对风险的忽视，是平台方的欲壑难填。
至于借款人？
在 P2P 后半段的故事里，哪还有什么借款人呢？";}, 1621686945, 1716146056
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